青島永泰長(zhǎng)榮泡沫填充護(hù)舷為何能提升風(fēng)電安裝作業(yè)安全性

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泡沫填充護(hù)舷在風(fēng)電安裝作業(yè)中主要通過以下機(jī)制保障作業(yè)安全：

一、材料特性強(qiáng)化防護(hù)能力

  1. 高彈性緩沖

泡沫填充護(hù)舷內(nèi)部采用輕質(zhì)高彈性聚氨酯泡沫、EVA泡沫，或超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）發(fā)泡材料，壓縮60%時(shí)仍能吸收大量沖擊能量。這種特性有效分散船舶靠泊時(shí)的動(dòng)能，降低船體與碼頭（或風(fēng)電安裝平臺(tái)）的直接碰撞力，避免結(jié)構(gòu)損傷。

  2. 耐候性與耐腐蝕

護(hù)舷外層使用聚脲或聚乙烯復(fù)合材料，耐海水侵蝕、抗紫外線老化，即使長(zhǎng)期暴露在海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的鹽霧環(huán)境中仍能保持性能穩(wěn)定。例如呂梁碼頭工程采用的UHMWPE護(hù)舷，在黃土高原地帶高沉降區(qū)域仍能維持15mm動(dòng)態(tài)補(bǔ)償空間，適應(yīng)性極強(qiáng)。

二、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)適配動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境

  1. 漂浮式安裝優(yōu)勢(shì)

泡沫填充護(hù)舷具有自主浮力，安裝位置不受潮差限制，可隨水位變化自動(dòng)升降。這一特性特別適合海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)運(yùn)維船舶的頻繁靠泊需求，避免傳統(tǒng)護(hù)舷因潮汐導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)位失效。鹽城某工程的護(hù)舷安裝誤差小于3mm，精確保障船舶靠泊路徑的穩(wěn)定性。

  2. 壓縮形變分散沖擊

通過可控的壓縮變形，護(hù)舷可將船舶沖擊力從局部集中載荷轉(zhuǎn)化為均勻分布載荷。例如聚氨酯護(hù)舷壓縮至60%時(shí)，反力由小到大漸進(jìn)式提升，既能避免硬性碰撞，又能防止船舶反彈偏移。

三、作業(yè)安全提升技術(shù)

  1. 免維護(hù)與抗損性

相比充氣護(hù)舷，泡沫填充護(hù)舷無需充氣維護(hù)，不會(huì)因劃傷或磨損漏氣失效。如河北海事局要求風(fēng)電運(yùn)維船舶配備的護(hù)舷需滿足“耐酸堿、防滲透”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，泡沫填充護(hù)舷的免維護(hù)性完全適配這一要求。

  2. 智能化配套

部分工程在護(hù)舷系統(tǒng)中集成智能監(jiān)測(cè)模塊，實(shí)時(shí)反饋?zhàn)o(hù)舷受力狀態(tài)和磨損程度。例如鹽城項(xiàng)目通過傳感器對(duì)護(hù)舷進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警，可提前發(fā)現(xiàn)隱性破損，避免因護(hù)舷失效引發(fā)斷纜事故。

四、案例驗(yàn)證與規(guī)范應(yīng)用

在呂梁碼頭改擴(kuò)建中，泡沫護(hù)舷采用三維激光掃描定位和全站儀監(jiān)控，預(yù)埋件定位偏差≤5mm，螺栓孔誤差控制在2mm以內(nèi)，確保極端水文條件下的緩沖有效性。青島永泰船舶的聚氨酯護(hù)舷使用壽命達(dá)10-15年，顯著高于傳統(tǒng)充氣護(hù)舷的1-2年周期，降低了海上風(fēng)電運(yùn)維船舶的長(zhǎng)期安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

綜上，泡沫填充護(hù)舷通過材料科學(xué)、動(dòng)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和精準(zhǔn)安裝技術(shù)的結(jié)合，在風(fēng)電安裝與駁船靠泊作業(yè)中構(gòu)建了多層次安全屏障，有效降低碰撞能量、提高系統(tǒng)可靠性。

Why Foam-Filled Fenders Provide Better Operational Safety in Wind Power Installation

Foam-filled fenders primarily provide better operational safety in wind power installation through the following mechanisms:

I. Material Properties Enhance Protective Capabilities

• High-Elasticity Buffering
  Foam-filled fenders use lightweight, high-elasticity polyurethane foam, EVA foam or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) foaming materials inside. Even when compressed by 60%, they can still absorb a large amount of impact energy. This characteristic effectively disperses the kinetic energy generated during vessel berthing, reducing the direct collision force between the hull and the dock (or wind power installation platform) and preventing structural damage.
• Weather Resistance and Corrosion Resistance
  The outer layer of fenders is made of polyurea or polyethylene composite materials, which are resistant to seawater erosion and ultraviolet aging. They can maintain stable performance even when exposed to the salt-spray environment of offshore wind farms for a long time. For example, the UHMWPE fenders used in the Luliang Wharf project can still maintain a 15mm dynamic compensation space in the high-subsidence area of the Loess Plateau, demonstrating excellent adaptability.
  

II. Structural Design Adapts to Dynamic Environments

• Advantages of Floating Installation
  Foam-filled fenders have inherent buoyancy, and their installation positions are not restricted by tidal ranges. They can automatically rise and fall with water level changes. This characteristic is particularly suitable for the frequent berthing needs of vessels in offshore wind farm operation and maintenance, avoiding the misalignment and failure of traditional fenders caused by tides. In the Yancheng project, the installation error of fenders was less than 3mm, ensuring the stability of the vessel berthing path.
• Compression Deformation Disperses Impact
  Through controlled compression deformation, fenders can convert the localized concentrated load from vessel impact into a uniformly distributed load. For example, when polyurethane fenders are compressed by 60%, the reaction force increases gradually from small to large, which not only avoids hard collisions but also prevents vessel rebound and deviation.
  

III. Operational Safety Enhancement Technologies

• Maintenance-Free and Damage Resistance
  Compared with inflatable fenders, foam-filled fenders do not require inflation maintenance and will not fail due to punctures or abrasions causing air leaks. For instance, the fenders required by the Hebei Maritime Safety Administration for vessels in wind power operation and maintenance must meet the standards of “acid and alkali resistance and permeability prevention.” The maintenance-free nature of foam-filled fenders fully complies with these requirements.
• Intelligent Integration
  Some projects integrate intelligent monitoring modules into the fender systems to provide real-time feedback on the stress state and wear degree of fenders. For example, in the Yancheng project, sensors are used to provide real-time early warnings for fenders, enabling the early detection of hidden damages and preventing rope breakage accidents caused by fender failure.
  

IV. Case Verification and Standardized Application

In the reconstruction and expansion of the Luliang Wharf, foam fenders were positioned using 3D laser scanning and monitored with total stations. The positioning deviation of embedded parts was ≤5mm, and the error of bolt holes was controlled within 2mm, ensuring effective buffering under extreme hydrological conditions. The polyurethane fenders produced by Qingdao Evergreen Maritime have a service life of 10-15 years, significantly longer than the 1-2 years of traditional inflatable fenders, reducing the long-term safety risks of vessels in offshore wind farm operation and maintenance.

In conclusion, through the combination of material science, dynamic structural design, and precise installation technology, foam-filled fenders construct a multi-level safety barrier in wind power installation and barge berthing operations, effectively reducing collision energy and improving system reliability.